Articles

The Viking era lasted for 250 years. What brought it to an end in approx the years 1030–1066?

The runic inscription — the alphabet of Denmark's earliest written language — was etched into an 8cm iron knife found in a grave below an urn near the city of Odense on the island of Funen.

The Vikings pillaged the city and the surrounding areas. Emir Abd ar-Rahman II of Córdoba mobilized and sent a large force against the Vikings under the command of the hajib (chief-minister) Isa ibn Shuhayd.

Although not all their methods are fully understood, evidence that is woven into the sagas suggests a strong understanding of marine life, in addition to astronomical savvy.

The paper’s authors say the decorated helmets would have been worn for symbolic reasons rather than as battle gear. At the time they were made, Scandinavian societies were moving from Sun worship to reverence for gods associated with animals.

Generally speaking, Japanese armour could be classified by their construction in three large groups—scale armours, lamellar armours and full-plate armours.

Toothpick use, tooth filing, and infection treatments discovered by researchers. Lead author Carolina Bertilsson suggests filed front teeth could be an identity marker. Notably, all cases studied were male.

The Jomsvikings, a legendary Viking order of the 10th and 11th centuries, were rumored to worship Norse gods. They fought for the highest bidder, even Christians, foreshadowing later religious orders.

Further analysis and research are needed to establish the full extent and importance of the unearthed remains. However, Filipowiak is confident, estimating an "80 percent certainty" that the site corresponds to the 10th-century stronghold associated with Jomsborg.